Vol 14 No 3 (2014)
2014-06-01
Vol 14 No 3 (2014)
2014-06-01
Articles
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This special issue of the European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research comprises six papers, with a focus on energy efficiency and sustainability in transportation networks. Preliminary versions of those papers were presented during the EWGT 2012 Conference, the 15th meeting of the Euro Working Group on Transportation. The contributions have been selected to reflect the diversity of topics and approaches presented during the conference. They have been substantially extended by their respective authors and carefully reviewed and revised; this special issue contains the final selection of accepted papers. The editors are grateful to the authors and referees for their prompt and careful collaboration during the preparation of this special issue. This editorial first provides a few additional words about the Euro Working Group on Transportation and about the EWGT 2012 Conference, and then presents the selected contributions.
This special issue of the European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research comprises six papers, with a focus on energy efficiency and sustainability in transportation networks. Preliminary versions of those papers were presented during the EWGT 2012 Conference, the 15th meeting of the Euro Working Group on Transportation. The contributions have been selected to reflect the diversity of topics and approaches presented during the conference. They have been substantially extended by their respective authors and carefully reviewed and revised; this special issue contains the final selection of accepted papers. The editors are grateful to the authors and referees for their prompt and careful collaboration during the preparation of this special issue. This editorial first provides a few additional words about the Euro Working Group on Transportation and about the EWGT 2012 Conference, and then presents the selected contributions.
This special issue of the European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research comprises six papers, with a focus on energy efficiency and sustainability in transportation networks. Preliminary versions of those papers were presented during the EWGT 2012 Conference, the 15th meeting of...
Vincent Aguiléra, Régine Seidowsky -
Eco-driving style is widely known to induce up to 20% fuel consumption reduction, but little is known about differences due to different learning methods. In order to evaluate the potential impacts of future ecological driving assistance system (EDAS) in comparison with usual techniques, a statistical approach is proposed. Two kinds of experiments are analysed in this paper: In the first one, simple advice were given to the participants, while in the second one, full courses with eco-driving experts were used. Performance indicators were derived from five commonly referred golden rules of eco-driving and used as model inputs. Different kind of statistical models are discussed, among which we choose to apply the ordinary logistic regression to assess the effects of each driving advice separately Results show that ecodriving advices are better applied after a course than just providing tips. The approach is then extended to build a generic model that can be used both to characterize and evaluate eco-driving style.
Eco-driving style is widely known to induce up to 20% fuel consumption reduction, but little is known about differences due to different learning methods. In order to evaluate the potential impacts of future ecological driving assistance system (EDAS) in comparison with usual techniques, a statistical approach is proposed. Two kinds of experiments are analysed in this paper: In the first one, simple advice were given to the participants, while in the second one, full courses with eco-driving experts were used. Performance indicators were derived from five commonly referred golden rules of eco-driving and used as model inputs. Different kind of statistical models are discussed, among which we choose to apply the ordinary logistic regression to assess the effects of each driving advice separately Results show that ecodriving advices are better applied after a course than just providing tips. The approach is then extended to build a generic model that can be used both to...
Eco-driving style is widely known to induce up to 20% fuel consumption reduction, but little is known about differences due to different learning methods. In order to evaluate the potential impacts of future ecological driving assistance system (EDAS) in comparison with usual techniques, a...
Cindie Andrieu, Guillaume Saint Pierre -
This paper explores the possibility of using recorded road slope data in order to reduce fuel consumption for off-road construction vehicles such as articulated haulers. Road gradients have strong influence on the fuel consumption of a vehicle. This effect is even more significant on construction vehicles due to their large mass and heavy load. In this study, a control algorithm based on model predictive control and dynamic programming is formulated and solved to find an optimal gear shift sequence and time of shifting. The fuel consumption model of an articulated hauler is formulated with a dynamic model and used together with the travel time in the objective function to balance the trade-off between these two aspects. The proposed control algorithm is simulated on a typical road stretch on the construction work site with frequent steep up- and downhill. Simulation shows that both fuel consumption and travel time can be reduced simultaneously. In addition, the optimal gear shift sequence resembles the behaviour of an experienced driver.
This paper explores the possibility of using recorded road slope data in order to reduce fuel consumption for off-road construction vehicles such as articulated haulers. Road gradients have strong influence on the fuel consumption of a vehicle. This effect is even more significant on construction vehicles due to their large mass and heavy load. In this study, a control algorithm based on model predictive control and dynamic programming is formulated and solved to find an optimal gear shift sequence and time of shifting. The fuel consumption model of an articulated hauler is formulated with a dynamic model and used together with the travel time in the objective function to balance the trade-off between these two aspects. The proposed control algorithm is simulated on a typical road stretch on the construction work site with frequent steep up- and downhill. Simulation shows that both fuel consumption and travel time can be reduced simultaneously. In addition, the optimal gear shift...
This paper explores the possibility of using recorded road slope data in order to reduce fuel consumption for off-road construction vehicles such as articulated haulers. Road gradients have strong influence on the fuel consumption of a vehicle. This effect is even more significant on...
Jiali Fu, Gianantonio Bortolin -
The introduction of alternative vehicle technologies as a response to pressure regarding fossil fuel dependency in the transportation sector poses several questions regarding their impact on travel and driving behaviour and also on the environment. This project aims to assess electric vehicle users’ motivations, daily patterns and vehicle operation and management. Promoted by EMEL – Lisbon’s mobility and parking municipal company – the project was publicized among Lisbon’s electric vehicle users, who were offered, as an incentive, a green permit which allowed them to park the vehicles for free on the street within the city’s metropolitan central area. Data were gathered over a period of one year from 25 users (private and fleet drivers) through interviews and on-board diaries, comprising a total of 5,132 trips, 49,785 km travelled and a total of 8,529 kWh charged related to 831 charges. The results indicate that environmental and economic (lower running costs) factors are the main drivers for electric vehicle adoption by private users, whereas fleet drivers mention their company’s image as the motive behind the deployment of this technology in fleets. Private users’ energy consumption and CO2 emissions were also estimated. When compared to conventional internal combustion engine vehicles running on gasoline or diesel, electric vehicles reveal considerable reductions in both energy consumption and CO2 emissions in a Well-to-Wheel life cycle approach. These decreases are between 35–43% for energy consumption and 58–63% for CO2 emissions.
The introduction of alternative vehicle technologies as a response to pressure regarding fossil fuel dependency in the transportation sector poses several questions regarding their impact on travel and driving behaviour and also on the environment. This project aims to assess electric vehicle users’ motivations, daily patterns and vehicle operation and management. Promoted by EMEL – Lisbon’s mobility and parking municipal company – the project was publicized among Lisbon’s electric vehicle users, who were offered, as an incentive, a green permit which allowed them to park the vehicles for free on the street within the city’s metropolitan central area. Data were gathered over a period of one year from 25 users (private and fleet drivers) through interviews and on-board diaries, comprising a total of 5,132 trips, 49,785 km travelled and a total of 8,529 kWh charged related to 831 charges. The results indicate that environmental and economic (lower running costs) factors...
The introduction of alternative vehicle technologies as a response to pressure regarding fossil fuel dependency in the transportation sector poses several questions regarding their impact on travel and driving behaviour and also on the environment. This project aims to assess electric vehicle...
Catarina C. Rolim, Patrícia C. Baptista, Tiago L. Farias, Óscar Rodrigues -
Since the 1960s, the number of commuters in the Brussels Capital Region has doubled: nowadays more than 400,000 workers commute in and out of Brussels on a daily basis. In order to preserve the liveability of the region in terms of mobility, environment and traffic safety, policy measures should be taken to reduce the number and/or distances of commuter trips. Telework is often suggested as an instrument to reduce the environmental and socio-economic impacts of mobility on society. Currently, the implementation of teleworking is however still rather limited and fragmental in most companies in Belgium. Goal of this paper is to assess whether further encouragement of telework is advisable from a sustainable mobility viewpoint. Based on Belgian survey data, an appraisal of the environmental and mobility related impacts of telework for companies located in the Brussels Capital Region is performed, using an analysis of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of telework. In order to quantify the effects, external costs of trips to the central headquarter office are compared to those of trips to decentralized satellite offices and those caused by additional distances travelled when teleworking at home. Modal shifts occurring between trips travelled to the central office and trips travelled to the satellite office are taken into account and play an important role in the overall impact on external transport costs. Also receptor density and congestion levels along the routes travelled are taken into account.
Since the 1960s, the number of commuters in the Brussels Capital Region has doubled: nowadays more than 400,000 workers commute in and out of Brussels on a daily basis. In order to preserve the liveability of the region in terms of mobility, environment and traffic safety, policy measures should be taken to reduce the number and/or distances of commuter trips. Telework is often suggested as an instrument to reduce the environmental and socio-economic impacts of mobility on society. Currently, the implementation of teleworking is however still rather limited and fragmental in most companies in Belgium. Goal of this paper is to assess whether further encouragement of telework is advisable from a sustainable mobility viewpoint. Based on Belgian survey data, an appraisal of the environmental and mobility related impacts of telework for companies located in the Brussels Capital Region is performed, using an analysis of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of telework....
Since the 1960s, the number of commuters in the Brussels Capital Region has doubled: nowadays more than 400,000 workers commute in and out of Brussels on a daily basis. In order to preserve the liveability of the region in terms of mobility, environment and traffic safety, policy measures...
Tom van Lier, Astrid de Witte, Cathy Macharis -
This paper presents a new methodological framework to address the problem of estimating pollutant emissions for large congested urban networks in a within-day dynamic context. It consists of three main modules: 1) a module to compute pollutant emissions for general links; 2) a module to compute pollutant emissions for all links approaching a signalized intersection; 3) a module to compute pollutant emissions for all links approaching an unsignalized intersection. A dynamic mesoscopic assignment model is performed to derive the main dynamic input of each one of the modules. All the modules have been tested in a real case study (the district of Eur in the city of Rome, Italy), so confirming the reliability of the developed models and their applicability for the estimation of pollutant emissions.
This paper presents a new methodological framework to address the problem of estimating pollutant emissions for large congested urban networks in a within-day dynamic context. It consists of three main modules: 1) a module to compute pollutant emissions for general links; 2) a module to compute pollutant emissions for all links approaching a signalized intersection; 3) a module to compute pollutant emissions for all links approaching an unsignalized intersection. A dynamic mesoscopic assignment model is performed to derive the main dynamic input of each one of the modules. All the modules have been tested in a real case study (the district of Eur in the city of Rome, Italy), so confirming the reliability of the developed models and their applicability for the estimation of pollutant emissions.
This paper presents a new methodological framework to address the problem of estimating pollutant emissions for large congested urban networks in a within-day dynamic context. It consists of three main modules: 1) a module to compute pollutant emissions for general links; 2) a module to...
Stefano Gori, Simone La Spada, Livia Mannini, Marialisa Nigro -
This paper presents an analysis of the logistics processes adopted in response to six major natural disasters that occurred in the last decade: (i) the Mozambique flooding in 2000, (ii) the Pakistan earthquake in 2005, (iii) the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2006, (iv) the earthquake in Haiti in 2010, (v) the flood and landslide in the mountainous region of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 2010, and (vi) the earthquake and tsunami in Japan in 2011. Through the analysis of secondary data, the main practices, problems and challenges in these post-disaster humanitarian operations are identified. This study aims to understand the environment and circumstances in which these humanitarian operations occurred, assessing the main constraints encountered and the approaches adopted to ensure the supply of relief to victims of natural disasters. Finally, suggestions are proposed in order to improve the efficiency and success rate of the logistics process in other humanitarian response operations.
This paper presents an analysis of the logistics processes adopted in response to six major natural disasters that occurred in the last decade: (i) the Mozambique flooding in 2000, (ii) the Pakistan earthquake in 2005, (iii) the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2006, (iv) the earthquake in Haiti in 2010, (v) the flood and landslide in the mountainous region of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 2010, and (vi) the earthquake and tsunami in Japan in 2011. Through the analysis of secondary data, the main practices, problems and challenges in these post-disaster humanitarian operations are identified. This study aims to understand the environment and circumstances in which these humanitarian operations occurred, assessing the main constraints encountered and the approaches adopted to ensure the supply of relief to victims of natural disasters. Finally, suggestions are proposed in order to improve the efficiency and success rate of the logistics process in other humanitarian response operations.
This paper presents an analysis of the logistics processes adopted in response to six major natural disasters that occurred in the last decade: (i) the Mozambique flooding in 2000, (ii) the Pakistan earthquake in 2005, (iii) the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2006, (iv) the earthquake in Haiti in...
Sergio Ricardo Argollo da Costa, Renata Albergaria M. Bandeira, Luiz Carlos Brasil B. Mello, Vânia Barcellos G. Campos