Vol 8 No 4 (2008)
Vol 8 No 4 (2008)
Articles
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Editorial Board EJTIR
Bert van Wee (Editor in Chief)
Delft University of Technology (NL)Eddy van de Voorde
University of Antwerp (B)Dominic Stead
Delft University of Technology (NL)Vincent Marchau
Delft University of Technology (NL)Serge Hoogendoorn
Delft University of Technology (NL)Rob van der Heijden
Radboud University Nijmegen (NL)Rommert Dekker
Erasmus University Rotterdam (NL)Caspar Chorus
Delft University of Technology (NL)Advisory Board EJTIR
Peter Nijkamp (Chairman)
The NetherlandsStef Weijers
The NetherlandsErik Verhoef
The NetherlandsDaniel Schefer
IsraelFrank Sanders
The NetherlandsPiet Rietveld
The NetherlandsAura Regiani
ItalyRobert Paaswell
United States of AmericaRicco Maggi
SwitzerlandMartin Lanzendorf
The NetherlandsVeli Himanen
FinlandIngo Hansen
The NetherlandsMarina van Geenhuizen
The NetherlandsPiet Bovy
The NetherlandsMichel Beuthe
BelgiumDavid Banister
United KingdomEditorial Board EJTIR
Bert van Wee (Editor in Chief)
Delft University of Technology (NL)Eddy van de Voorde
University of Antwerp (B)Dominic Stead
Delft University of Technology (NL)Vincent Marchau
Delft University of Technology (NL)Serge Hoogendoorn
Delft University of Technology (NL)Rob van der Heijden
Radboud University Nijmegen (NL)Rommert Dekker
Erasmus University Rotterdam (NL)Caspar Chorus
Delft University of Technology (NL)Advisory Board EJTIR
Peter Nijkamp (Chairman)
The NetherlandsStef Weijers
The NetherlandsErik Verhoef
The NetherlandsDaniel Schefer
IsraelFrank Sanders
The NetherlandsPiet Rietveld
The NetherlandsAura Regiani
ItalyRobert Paaswell
United States of AmericaRicco Maggi
SwitzerlandMartin Lanzendorf
The...Editorial Board EJTIR
Bert van Wee (Editor in Chief)
Delft University of Technology (NL)Eddy van de Voorde
University of Antwerp (B)Dominic Stead
Delft University of Technology (NL)Vincent Marchau
Delft University of Technology... -
EJTIR keeps track of download-statistics for each issue, to be published in the next issue. Specifically we will publish, for each paper and book review, how many times the paper’s pdf-file has been downloaded during the time that the issue it belongs to was EJTIR’s frontissue. In addition, we show the average number of downloads per week.
EJTIR keeps track of download-statistics for each issue, to be published in the next issue. Specifically we will publish, for each paper and book review, how many times the paper’s pdf-file has been downloaded during the time that the issue it belongs to was EJTIR’s frontissue. In addition, we show the average number of downloads per week.
EJTIR keeps track of download-statistics for each issue, to be published in the next issue. Specifically we will publish, for each paper and book review, how many times the paper’s pdf-file has been downloaded during the time that the issue it belongs to was EJTIR’s frontissue. In...
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In this paper, dynamic aspects of railway infrastructure operation and maintenance costs in Sweden are explored. Econometric cost functions are estimated to check the robustness of previous marginal cost estimates by introducing lags and leads of both dependent and independent variables. We find support for a forward-looking behaviour within the Swedish National Rail Administration (Banverket) as both infrastructure operation and maintenance costs are reduced prior to a major renewal. There are also indications of both lagged traffic and costs affecting the cost structure.
In this paper, dynamic aspects of railway infrastructure operation and maintenance costs in Sweden are explored. Econometric cost functions are estimated to check the robustness of previous marginal cost estimates by introducing lags and leads of both dependent and independent variables. We find support for a forward-looking behaviour within the Swedish National Rail Administration (Banverket) as both infrastructure operation and maintenance costs are reduced prior to a major renewal. There are also indications of both lagged traffic and costs affecting the cost structure.
In this paper, dynamic aspects of railway infrastructure operation and maintenance costs in Sweden are explored. Econometric cost functions are estimated to check the robustness of previous marginal cost estimates by introducing lags and leads of both dependent and independent variables. We...
Mats Andersson -
Robustness of a network is a main objective for road network managers these days, and has therefore become an important study area for transportation scientists. This article discusses one specific aspect in assessing road network robustness: the consequences of the closure of a link. These spillback effects have been examined in a dedicated traffic simulator in which the representation of spillback can be switched on and off. The impacts are studied in a simulation study of a road network of a regional size in which sequentially links are blocked. Two scenarios for route choice are considered: a fixed route choice based on a daily congestion pattern and a route choice adapted to the actual congestion caused by the closure. The study has also shown the influence of information which makes travellers adapt their routes. Road network robustness and characteristics of vulnerable links are evaluated for both spillback and non-spillback cases. It is found that a valid spillback modelling is a prerequisite for correctly analysing the robustness of the network as a whole, as well as for correctly indicating the locations in the network where a closure causes the largest delays. Furthermore, without simulating spillback, it is not possible to identify correctly the most vulnerable links for the network performance.
Robustness of a network is a main objective for road network managers these days, and has therefore become an important study area for transportation scientists. This article discusses one specific aspect in assessing road network robustness: the consequences of the closure of a link. These spillback effects have been examined in a dedicated traffic simulator in which the representation of spillback can be switched on and off. The impacts are studied in a simulation study of a road network of a regional size in which sequentially links are blocked. Two scenarios for route choice are considered: a fixed route choice based on a daily congestion pattern and a route choice adapted to the actual congestion caused by the closure. The study has also shown the influence of information which makes travellers adapt their routes. Road network robustness and characteristics of vulnerable links are evaluated for both spillback and non-spillback cases. It is found that a valid spillback...
Robustness of a network is a main objective for road network managers these days, and has therefore become an important study area for transportation scientists. This article discusses one specific aspect in assessing road network robustness: the consequences of the closure of a link. These...
Victor Knoop, Henk van Zuylen, Serge Hoogendoorn -
This paper considers car allocation choice behaviour in car-deficient households explicitly in the context of an activity-scheduling process, focusing on work activities. A decision tree induction method is applied to derive a decision tree for the car allocation decision in automobile deficient households using a large travel-and-activity diary data set recently collected in the Netherlands. The results show a satisfactory improvement in goodness of fit of the decision tree model compared to a null model. Overall, the probability of males getting the car for work is considerably higher than that of female in many condition settings. However, activity schedule, spatial and socio-economic variables appear to have an influence as well. An analysis of impacts of condition variables on car allocation decisions reveals that socio-economic variables have only a limited impact, whereas attributes of the transportation and land-use system have a relatively big impact. The propensity of men driving a car to the work place is higher than that of women. However, the relative accessibility of the work location by bike compared to car appears to have a relatively large influence on who gets the car for work. Household income and presence of children also appear to have significant effects.
This paper considers car allocation choice behaviour in car-deficient households explicitly in the context of an activity-scheduling process, focusing on work activities. A decision tree induction method is applied to derive a decision tree for the car allocation decision in automobile deficient households using a large travel-and-activity diary data set recently collected in the Netherlands. The results show a satisfactory improvement in goodness of fit of the decision tree model compared to a null model. Overall, the probability of males getting the car for work is considerably higher than that of female in many condition settings. However, activity schedule, spatial and socio-economic variables appear to have an influence as well. An analysis of impacts of condition variables on car allocation decisions reveals that socio-economic variables have only a limited impact, whereas attributes of the transportation and land-use system have a relatively big impact. The propensity of...
This paper considers car allocation choice behaviour in car-deficient households explicitly in the context of an activity-scheduling process, focusing on work activities. A decision tree induction method is applied to derive a decision tree for the car allocation decision in automobile...
Renni Anggraini, Theo A. Arentze, Harry J.P. Timmermans -
Crashes on two-lane rural highways are over-represented at horizontal curves, and speed inconsistency is a common contributing factor to these crashes. Road Consistency reflects the similarity or lack thereof of vehicle performance along an entire road segment. Consistency is measured by estimating the speed variation along successive geometric elements and evaluation of the speed deviation from the average speed. Because it has been shown in the past that speed variability has an impact on safety, it was hypothesized that design consistency is also related to safety. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between road design consistency and crash probability on two-lane rural highways. An enhanced consistency model is applied to examine this relationship in Israel and Germany. This consistency model is based on both the horizontal and vertical alignments and takes into account the impact of trucks and grades on road consistency. A statistically significant model that showed a reduction in average crash numbers per year with an increase in consistency is presented and discussed. It was found that the Israeli and German models have a similar trend. The enhanced-consistency model and the software may be used relatively easily to determine consistencies of different alternatives during the planning of new highways or the reconstruction of existing roads. Planners and decisionmakers could be advised of potential design deficiencies during the design process and consequently, modify a proposed design and thus improve safety levels and save lives.
Crashes on two-lane rural highways are over-represented at horizontal curves, and speed inconsistency is a common contributing factor to these crashes. Road Consistency reflects the similarity or lack thereof of vehicle performance along an entire road segment. Consistency is measured by estimating the speed variation along successive geometric elements and evaluation of the speed deviation from the average speed. Because it has been shown in the past that speed variability has an impact on safety, it was hypothesized that design consistency is also related to safety. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between road design consistency and crash probability on two-lane rural highways. An enhanced consistency model is applied to examine this relationship in Israel and Germany. This consistency model is based on both the horizontal and vertical alignments and takes into account the impact of trucks and grades on road consistency. A statistically significant...
Crashes on two-lane rural highways are over-represented at horizontal curves, and speed inconsistency is a common contributing factor to these crashes. Road Consistency reflects the similarity or lack thereof of vehicle performance along an entire road segment. Consistency is measured by...
Caroline Mattar-Habib, Abishai Polus, Haneen Farah -
The knowledge of travel times on road networks is of vital importance for network operators as well as for drivers. Operators can use travel time information to improve control on their networks. Drivers or transport companies can choose their optimal route based on the traffic information available and their individual preferences. The presented approach focuses on travel time estimation. The method only requires the time stamps and vehicle lengths captured at subsequent detector stations. The distance between the stations is up to 13 km. The examined network is a two-lane freeway with three unobserved on- and off-ramps each. In order to investigate the influence of measurement errors and to have true data for comparison, simulated detector data based on an existing Swiss freeway section equipped with loop detectors was used. The method shows very good performance for the investigated scenarios. All relevant characteristics of the travel time process were detected and estimation errors were within a well acceptable range. Compared to existing travel time estimation methods, the presented approach considerably extends the maximum distance for which travel time estimations can be carried out.
The knowledge of travel times on road networks is of vital importance for network operators as well as for drivers. Operators can use travel time information to improve control on their networks. Drivers or transport companies can choose their optimal route based on the traffic information available and their individual preferences. The presented approach focuses on travel time estimation. The method only requires the time stamps and vehicle lengths captured at subsequent detector stations. The distance between the stations is up to 13 km. The examined network is a two-lane freeway with three unobserved on- and off-ramps each. In order to investigate the influence of measurement errors and to have true data for comparison, simulated detector data based on an existing Swiss freeway section equipped with loop detectors was used. The method shows very good performance for the investigated scenarios. All relevant characteristics of the travel time process were detected and estimation...
The knowledge of travel times on road networks is of vital importance for network operators as well as for drivers. Operators can use travel time information to improve control on their networks. Drivers or transport companies can choose their optimal route based on the traffic information...
Albert Steiner, Beate Sick -
Having read this book, one is left with a feeling that the important issues raised should have been at the forefront of policy debates for many decades, not just now. The basic argument is that transport must move away from its almost complete dependence of oil to alternative energy sources. Transport consumes nearly 60% of all oil (2005), and it is in a very vulnerable position as it is dependent on this one source, a potentially unstable set of supply conditions, volatile prices, and substantial increases in demand. This is not a good business strategy, and the risks and uncertainties seem to have grown substantially in the last two years with oil prices rising by nearly three times to around $150 per barrel.
Having read this book, one is left with a feeling that the important issues raised should have been at the forefront of policy debates for many decades, not just now. The basic argument is that transport must move away from its almost complete dependence of oil to alternative energy sources. Transport consumes nearly 60% of all oil (2005), and it is in a very vulnerable position as it is dependent on this one source, a potentially unstable set of supply conditions, volatile prices, and substantial increases in demand. This is not a good business strategy, and the risks and uncertainties seem to have grown substantially in the last two years with oil prices rising by nearly three times to around $150 per barrel.
Having read this book, one is left with a feeling that the important issues raised should have been at the forefront of policy debates for many decades, not just now. The basic argument is that transport must move away from its almost complete dependence of oil to alternative energy sources....
David Banister