Formulation of a Surf-Similarity Parameter to Predict Tsunami Characteristics at the Coast

Authors

Jochem Roubos Van den Herik, Sliedrecht, The NetherlandsToni Glasbergen Vinkeveen, The NetherlandsBas Hofland Delft University of Technology, Delft, The NetherlandsJeremy Bricker University of Michigan, Michigan, United StatesMarcel Zijlema Delft University of Technology, Delft, The NetherlandsMiguel Esteban Waseda University, Tokyo, JapanMarion Tissier Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48438/jchs.2021.0009

Keywords:

Tsunami, Surf-similarity parameter, undular bore, wave front breaking, surging, continental shelf, bay geometry

Abstract

To calculate tsunami forces on coastal structures it is of great importance to determine the shape of the tsunami front reaching the coast. Based on literature reviews, analytical reasoning, video footage, and numerical modelling it is concluded that both the continental shelf slope and the bay geometry have a significant influence on the transformation of a tsunami wave near the coastline. After conducting 1D and 2DH wave simulations, a distinction is made between three types of tsunami waves; a non-breaking front (surging), a breaking front and an undular bore breaking front. Tsunami waves transform into these three wave types over a steep continental shelf, an intermediate sloped continental shelf, and a gentle sloped continental shelf, respectively. A new tsunami surf-similarity parameter is proposed to quantitatively predict the type of wave at the coastline, which was validated based on observations during the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake and Tsunami.

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Published

2021-12-17

How to Cite

Roubos, J., Glasbergen, T., Hofland, B. ., Bricker, J., Zijlema, M., Esteban, M., & Tissier, M. (2021). Formulation of a Surf-Similarity Parameter to Predict Tsunami Characteristics at the Coast. Journal of Coastal and Hydraulic Structures, 1. https://doi.org/10.48438/jchs.2021.0009

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Articles